Here are a list of useful commands to be used with pacman. It may require some specific settings if your environment is behind a proxy, so you should have a look here.
Update and install the list of package.
pacman -Suy
Perform a full upgrade, is necessary if some libraries are missing to recompile system properly.
pacman -Syyu
Perform a full upgrade, downgrading packages if necessary depending on the source package sets (for example removal of testing or multilib-lin32):
pacman -Syuu
Install a new package.
pacman -S $PACKAGE
Remove a package.
pacman -R $PACKAGE
Remove a package and its dependent packages.
pacman -Rs $PACKAGE
Look in package database for packages based on given keyword.
pacman -Ss $KEYWORD
List of packages installed as dependencies but not used anymore.
pacman -Qdt
List of packages explicitely installed, and not needed by other packages.
pacman -Qet
List of packages with given keyword.
pacman -Q | grep $KEYWORD
List of files installed with package.
pacman -Ql $PACKAGE
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